Inhaltsverzeichnis

Alle Kapitel aufklappen
Alle Kapitel zuklappen
Foreword
23
Introduction
25
1 Principles of Product Development
31
1.1 General Overview of Product Development
31
1.1.1 Task Clarification
33
1.1.2 Conceptual Design
33
1.1.3 Embodiment Design
33
1.1.4 Detail Design
34
1.2 Challenges in Product Development
34
1.2.1 Mechatronics
34
1.2.2 Increased Number of Variants
35
1.2.3 Connected Products
37
1.3 Advanced Approach to Product Development
39
1.3.1 V-Model and Development of Mechatronic Systems with VDI 2206
39
1.3.2 Systems Engineering
42
1.3.3 Model-Based Systems Engineering
43
1.3.4 Requirements Engineering
43
1.3.5 Frontloading
44
1.3.6 Simultaneous Engineering
45
1.3.7 Requirements for Product Lifecycle Management Systems
47
1.4 Product Development Process in SAP Product Lifecycle Management
48
1.5 Manufacturing Principles
50
1.5.1 Make-to-Stock
52
1.5.2 Assemble-to-Order
52
1.5.3 Make-to-Order
53
1.5.4 Engineer-to-Order
53
1.5.5 Impact on the Product Development Process
53
1.6 Summary
54
2 Product Data
55
2.1 Data Objects within the Product Development Process
55
2.2 Material Management
59
2.2.1 Material Types
60
2.2.2 Material Views and Data
62
2.2.3 Usage of Serial Numbers
64
2.2.4 Material Numbering
66
2.2.5 Materials in the Product Development Process
67
2.2.6 Consolidation of Material Information
69
2.2.7 Material Master Changes
71
2.2.8 Configuration and Authorizations
72
2.3 Document Management
74
2.3.1 Features of the SAP Document Management System
76
2.3.2 Document Originals
82
2.3.3 Document Structuring
84
2.3.4 Configuration Authorization
87
2.4 Classification System
90
2.4.1 Characteristic and Characteristic Values
91
2.4.2 Classes
92
2.4.3 Object Classification
94
2.4.4 Configuration and Authorization
95
2.5 Object Search
97
2.5.1 SAP Product Lifecycle Management Search
97
2.5.2 Search Administration
100
2.5.3 Further Search Options
100
2.6 Object Navigation
100
2.6.1 SAP Product Lifecycle Management Object Navigator
101
2.6.2 Object Navigator Configuration and Authorizations
102
2.6.3 Object Navigation with the Product Structure Browser
103
2.7 Summary
104
3 Portfolio Management
105
3.1 Tasks
105
3.2 Manage Project Portfolios
108
3.2.1 Define Key Figures for the Project Portfolio
109
3.2.2 Build Project Portfolios
110
3.2.3 Consider Dependencies in Project Portfolio Management
112
3.3 Manage Product Portfolios
113
3.3.1 Define Products
114
3.3.2 Compose Product Portfolio and Logical Product Variant Model
115
3.3.3 Optimize Product Portfolio
116
3.4 Manage Component Portfolios
117
3.5 Typical Tasks of Portfolio Management
119
3.5.1 Collect and Describe Portfolio Items
119
3.5.2 Define and Evaluate Portfolio Items
120
3.5.3 Compare Portfolio Items and Make Decisions
121
3.5.4 Monitor Objectives
126
3.6 SAP Innovation Management
126
3.6.1 Idea Campaigns
127
3.6.2 Ideas
127
3.6.3 Walls
129
3.6.4 Innovation Office
129
3.6.5 Interface with SAP Portfolio and Project Management
129
3.7 SAP Portfolio and Project Management
130
3.7.1 Portfolios and Their Structure
130
3.7.2 Portfolio Items
132
3.7.3 Portfolio Initiative
134
3.7.4 Decision Points
135
3.7.5 Financial and Capacity Planning
136
3.7.6 Questionnaires, Scoring Models, and Metrics
137
3.7.7 Portfolio Reviews and What-If Scenarios
140
3.7.8 Interfaces with Other Solutions
142
3.8 Configuration
143
3.8.1 Portfolio Management
143
3.8.2 Common Functions
145
3.9 Summary
146
4 Project Management
147
4.1 New Product Development and Introduction
147
4.2 Project Management Standards
149
4.2.1 Project Management Body of Knowledge Guide
149
4.2.2 Projects in Controlled Environments
151
4.2.3 Stage Gate Model
153
4.3 Structure of Project Management
154
4.3.1 Scope Management
154
4.3.2 Time Management
155
4.3.3 Cost Management
157
4.3.4 Resource Management
158
4.3.5 Risk Management
160
4.3.6 Quality Management
162
4.4 Process of a Product Development Project
164
4.5 Product Development Project Management with SAP PPM
166
4.5.1 Project Definition
166
4.5.2 Phases and Approvals
168
4.5.3 Project Tasks and Project Structure
169
4.5.4 Checklists and Checklist Items
171
4.5.5 Project Scheduling
173
4.5.6 Cost Planning, Recording, and Comparison
177
4.5.7 Resource Management with SAP PPM
181
4.5.8 Project Communication
186
4.5.9 Multi-Project Management
188
4.5.10 SAP Commercial Project Management
192
4.6 Configuration and Authorizations
193
4.6.1 SAP PPM Project Management Configuration
193
4.6.2 Authorizations
195
4.7 Summary
195
5 Requirements Management
197
5.1 Requirements and Targets
197
5.1.1 What Are Requirements?
197
5.1.2 What Are Targets?
199
5.1.3 Basics of Requirements Management
199
5.2 Requirements Management Process
200
5.2.1 Collecting and Documenting Requirements
201
5.2.2 Structuring and Releasing Requirements
203
5.2.3 Derive Product Variance
204
5.2.4 Controlling Target Achievement
206
5.2.5 Validation and Communication of Requirement Fulfillment
208
5.3 Typical Requirements and Targets
209
5.3.1 Target Costing
210
5.3.2 Target Weight Management
211
5.3.3 Homologation Requirements
212
5.4 Mapping Requirements with SAP Document Management System
213
5.4.1 Mapping Requirements
214
5.4.2 Change Requirements
215
5.4.3 Assign Stakeholders to Requirements
216
5.4.4 Assigning Requirements to the Product Structure
217
5.4.5 Support Follow-Up Processes
219
5.4.6 Use Third-Party Tools
219
5.5 Manage Costs with SAP Product Lifecycle Costing
220
5.5.1 Calculations and Versions
221
5.5.2 Building Costing Structures and Calculating Costs
222
5.5.3 Interfaces to SAP ERP and Microsoft Excel
225
5.5.4 Analyzing and Reporting
227
5.5.5 Approaches for Controlling Other Objectives
229
5.6 Exchange Compliance Data with Partners
230
5.6.1 SAP Product Stewardship Network
232
5.6.2 International Material Data System
235
5.7 Controlling Compliance Objectives with SAP EHS Management
236
5.7.1 Entering Information about Component Compliance
237
5.7.2 Check Product Compliance
239
5.8 Configuration Settings
240
5.8.1 SAP Product Lifecycle Costing
240
5.8.2 SAP Product Compliance
242
5.9 Summary
243
6 Variant Configuration
245
6.1 Variant Configuration Introduction
245
6.1.1 Variance Types
247
6.1.2 Filters, Search, and Classification
249
6.2 Variant Configuration Process Mapping
250
6.2.1 Establish the Variance Model
251
6.2.2 Developing Product Characteristics
254
6.2.3 Describing Characteristic Combinatorics
255
6.2.4 Determine Part Variance
259
6.2.5 Building Further Variance
262
6.2.6 Describing Configurations
263
6.2.7 Exploding the Product Structure with Configuration
264
6.2.8 Subsequent Steps for Product Handover
266
6.3 Configuration Techniques
266
6.3.1 Morphological Box
266
6.3.2 Configuration and Compatibility Matrix
267
6.3.3 Multiple-Domain Matrix
268
6.3.4 Variant Tree
270
6.4 Implementing SAP’s Variant Configuration
270
6.4.1 Using Characteristics, Characteristic Values, and Classes
272
6.4.2 Using the Product Modeling Environment for Variant Configuration
272
6.4.3 Maintenance of Object Dependencies
274
6.4.4 Using Variant Tables and Variant Functions
275
6.4.5 Maintain Configurable Materials and Configuration Profiles
278
6.4.6 Using Material Variants
279
6.4.7 Integrating Product Development with Variant Configuration
280
6.4.8 Apply Variance to the Product Structure
281
6.4.9 Configure and Explode the Product
284
6.4.10 Product Handover to Manufacturing
286
6.4.11 Visualizing the Sales Configuration
287
6.4.12 Building the Order and Production Configuration
289
6.5 Variant Configuration Authorizations and Configuration
290
6.5.1 Configuration
290
6.5.2 Authorizations
291
6.6 Summary
291
7 Product Structures
293
7.1 Design Principles for Product Structures
294
7.1.1 Building Product Structures
294
7.1.2 Management of Common Parts
297
7.2 Methods for Modeling
300
7.2.1 Functional Approach
300
7.2.2 Design Structure Matrix
301
7.2.3 Domain Mapping Matrix
301
7.3 Development Structures in SAP Product Lifecycle Management
302
7.3.1 Bills of Materials in SAP Product Lifecycle Management
303
7.3.2 Product Structure Management
312
7.3.3 Product Assemblies
327
7.3.4 Linking Geometry and Product Structure
330
7.4 Configuration and Authorizations
337
7.4.1 Product Structure Management Configuration
337
7.4.2 Configuring SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Instance Planner
341
7.5 Summary
342
8 Integration of Authoring Systems
343
8.1 Integrating Authoring Systems in Product Lifecycle Management
344
8.1.1 Authoring Systems
344
8.1.2 Team Data Management System
344
8.1.3 Product Data Management/Product Lifecycle Management System
345
8.1.4 Enterprise Resource Planning
345
8.1.5 Integration Scenarios
346
8.2 CAD Integration
351
8.2.1 Mechanical Computer-Aided Design Systems
351
8.2.2 Electric/Electronic Computer-Aided Design Integration
353
8.3 Software Integration
354
8.4 Authoring Systems Integration in SAP
357
8.4.1 SAP Engineering Control Center
357
8.4.2 Integrating Software into SAP
380
8.5 Configuration Settings and Authorizations
381
8.5.1 SAP Engineering Control Center Configuration
381
8.5.2 Authorization
387
8.6 Summary
388
9 Product Validation
389
9.1 Tasks in Product Validation
389
9.2 Validation Planning
391
9.2.1 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
392
9.2.2 Design of Experiments
394
9.3 Virtual Validation
395
9.3.1 Product and Component Simulation
396
9.3.2 Production Simulation
397
9.4 Physical Validation
399
9.4.1 Planning of Physical Prototypes
399
9.4.2 Procurement and Building of Physical Prototypes
400
9.5 Test Execution, Results Documentation, and Change Management
401
9.6 Product Validation with SAP
402
9.6.1 Plan Product Validation with SAP Portfolio and Project Management
403
9.6.2 Plan Prototypes with SAP Portfolio and Project Management
404
9.6.3 Execute Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in SAP
406
9.6.4 Connect External Validation Tools to SAP
407
9.6.5 Map and Manage Physical Prototypes in SAP Enterprise Asset Management
409
9.6.6 Record and Document Test Results with Quality Management
411
9.6.7 Derive Measures for Failure Removal and Document Test Execution
414
9.7 Configuration
415
9.7.1 SAP Enterprise Asset Management Configuration
415
9.7.2 Configuration of the Quality Notification
417
9.8 Summary
418
10 Integration of Engineering and Manufacturing
419
10.1 Consistent Management of Bills of Materials
419
10.2 Digital Factory
422
10.3 Industry 4.0
423
10.4 Consistent Management of Bills of Materials in SAP Product Lifecycle Management
424
10.5 Product Structure Synchronization
425
10.5.1 Scenarios for Product Structure Synchronization
425
10.5.2 Fundamentals of Product Structure Synchronization
427
10.5.3 Create an MBOM with Product Structure Synchronization
428
10.6 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Manufacturing Planner
436
10.6.1 Working Mode and Overall Scenario
437
10.6.2 Planning Scenarios
438
10.6.3 Working Steps in the SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Manufacturing Planner
443
10.7 Product Structure Synchronization vs SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Manufacturing Planner
448
10.8 Networked Production
449
10.9 Data Distribution
451
10.9.1 Scenarios for Distributed Locations
451
10.9.2 Distributing Product Data with Product Data Replication
452
10.10 Configuration for Integrating Engineering and Manufacturing
456
10.10.1 Configuring Product Structure Synchronization
457
10.10.2 Roles and Authorizations for Product Structure Synchronization
458
10.10.3 Configuration for SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Manufacturing Planner
459
10.10.4 Configuration for Product Data Replication
460
10.11 Summary
460
11 Process Management in Product Development
461
11.1 Business Processes in Product Development
462
11.1.1 Change Management
463
11.1.2 Deviation and Waiver Management
464
11.1.3 Release Management
464
11.1.4 Master Data Management
465
11.1.5 Production Part Approval Process
465
11.1.6 Product Change Notification
465
11.1.7 Product Termination Notification
466
11.1.8 New Product Development and Introduction
468
11.2 Customer Requirements for Process Management Solutions
468
11.2.1 Process Control
469
11.2.2 Collaboration
472
11.2.3 Reporting and Monitoring
473
11.2.4 Nonfunctional Requirements
474
11.3 Process Management in SAP
477
11.3.1 Process Routes
480
11.3.2 Engineering Records
484
11.3.3 Implementation Considerations
497
11.3.4 Administration, Monitoring, and Analysis
504
11.4 Configuration and Authorization
506
11.4.1 SAP Business Workflow Configuration
506
11.4.2 Engineering Record Configuration Overview
507
11.4.3 Process Routes Configuration Overview
510
11.4.4 Authorizations
512
11.5 Summary
513
12 Change, Release, and Configuration Management
515
12.1 Change Management
516
12.1.1 Reason for Changes
521
12.1.2 Priority of Changes
522
12.1.3 Interchangeability
523
12.1.4 Propagation of Changes
526
12.1.5 Versioning and Effectivity
527
12.2 Configuration Management
531
12.3 Release Management
534
12.4 Typical Customer Requirements
537
12.5 Challenges and Benefits
538
12.6 Standards and Guidelines
540
12.7 Change, Configuration, and Release Management in SAP
541
12.7.1 Implementing Changes in the SAP PLM Product Data Model
541
12.7.2 Change Master Records
544
12.7.3 Engineering Records for Change and Release Management
557
12.7.4 SAP Master Data Governance for Materials Integration with Engineering Records
570
12.7.5 Status and Release Management
572
12.7.6 Bill of Material Redlining
578
12.7.7 Order Change Management
581
12.7.8 Configuration Management
583
12.8 Configuration and Authorization
585
12.8.1 Change Master Records Configuration
585
12.8.2 Engineering Record Configuration for Change and Release Management
588
12.8.3 Status and Release Management Configuration
589
12.8.4 Bill of Materials Redlining Configuration
590
12.8.5 Order Change Management Configuration
590
12.8.6 Configuration Management
590
12.8.7 Authorizations
591
12.9 Summary
592
13 Product Visualization
593
13.1 Visual Communication
594
13.1.1 Viewers and Redlining
597
13.1.2 Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
598
13.2 Experimental Visualization
599
13.3 Visual Product Validation
599
13.3.1 Digital Mockup
600
13.3.2 Digital Factory
602
13.3.3 Rapid Prototyping
602
13.4 Product Visualization in SAP
602
13.4.1 Visualizing Product Data
604
13.4.2 Converting and Generating Viewables
610
13.4.3 Authoring Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Content
613
13.4.4 Tagging Two-Dimensional Drawings and Images: SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Link
614
13.4.5 Orchestrating Standalone Scenarios: SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Access
615
13.4.6 Integrating SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Solutions
616
13.4.7 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise in Product Development
617
13.5 Configuration and Authorizations
626
13.5.1 General SAP Document Management System Configuration
627
13.5.2 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer Configuration
627
13.5.3 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Generator
628
13.5.4 Authorizations
631
13.6 Summary
633
14 Collaborative Product Development
635
14.1 Scenarios and Tasks
635
14.1.1 Collaborative Scenarios in Product Development
637
14.1.2 Collaboration in Product Development
637
14.2 IT-Supported Collaboration in Product Development
640
14.2.1 Direct Collaboration
640
14.2.2 Indirect Collaboration
642
14.2.3 Data Exchange Standards in Product Development
643
14.3 Direct Collaboration with SAP Product Lifecycle Management 7
646
14.3.1 Access Control Management
647
14.3.2 Decoupling Frontend and Backend
657
14.4 Exchange Product Data with Collaboration Folders
658
14.4.1 Collaboration Scenarios in Collaboration Folders
660
14.4.2 Master Data
661
14.4.3 Connection to the Product Data Management System
665
14.4.4 Other Functions
666
14.5 Exchange Documents with SAP Document Center Cross-Platform
666
14.5.1 Building SAP Document Center
666
14.5.2 Using SAP Document Center
667
14.5.3 Integration with SAP Product Lifecycle Management
671
14.6 Using Collaboration with SAP Jam
673
14.6.1 Applications to Use SAP Jam
673
14.6.2 Collaboration Features of SAP Jam
674
14.7 Further Collaboration Scenarios and Tools
677
14.7.1 Collaboration in Computer-Aided Design Processes
677
14.7.2 Collaboration for Software Development
679
14.7.3 Collaboration Tools for Product Compliance
679
14.7.4 Additional Collaboration Solutions
680
14.8 Configuration
681
14.8.1 Configuring Access Control Management
681
14.8.2 Configuring Collaboration Folders
681
14.8.3 Authorizations
683
14.9 Summary
685
15 Product Lifecycle Management Service Offerings
687
15.1 Rapid Deployment Solutions
687
15.2 SAP Model Company
689
15.3 Innovation and Project Management Services
690
15.3.1 SAP Innovation Management Assessment Service
691
15.3.2 SAP Innovation Management Implementation Service
692
15.3.3 Business Assessment for Portfolio and Project Management
692
15.3.4 SAP Portfolio Management for Innovation and Product Development Rapid-Deployment Solution
692
15.3.5 SAP Portfolio and Project Management Upgrade Service
693
15.3.6 SAP Consulting Solutions for SAP Portfolio and Project Management
694
15.4 Integrated Product Development Services
694
15.4.1 SAP Product Lifecycle Management Assessment Service
695
15.4.2 Rapid Deployment of SAP PLM for Discrete Manufacturing
696
15.4.3 Rapid Deployment of SAP PLM for Process Manufacturing
696
15.4.4 Implementation of SAP Product Lifecycle Management
697
15.4.5 Implementation of SAP Engineering Control Center
697
15.4.6 Implementation of SAP Product Lifecycle Costing
698
15.4.7 SAP Product Structure Synchronization for BOMs Rapid-Deployment Solution
698
15.4.8 SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Rapid-Deployment Solution
699
15.4.9 Implementation of Product Safety and Stewardship
699
15.4.10 SAP Product Lifecycle Management Consulting Solutions
700
15.5 Additional SAP Services
700
15.6 Summary
701
16 Product Lifecycle Management Overview and Outlook
703
16.1 Product Overview: SAP Product Lifecycle Management
703
16.2 Outlook for Product Development with SAP S/4HANA
706
16.2.1 SAP S/4HANA
706
16.2.2 Support for Product Development with SAP S/4HANA
708
16.3 Summary
711
Appendices
713
A Bibliography
713
B The Authors
715
Index
717