Inhaltsverzeichnis

Alle Kapitel aufklappen
Alle Kapitel zuklappen
Foreword
13
Preface
15
Part I: Initial System Setup
19
1 Configuring Your System Environment
21
1.1 Infrastructure Architecture
22
1.1.1 SAP NetWeaver 7.40 Components
23
1.1.2 SAP BW
28
1.1.3 SAP BW Data Model
30
1.1.4 BI Content
35
1.1.5 New Versions, New Features
37
1.2 System Landscape
42
1.2.1 Promote to Production Strategy
44
1.2.2 Source System Interface
44
1.2.3 Post-Copy Automation
46
1.2.4 Change Management
51
1.2.5 Transport Organizer
58
1.3 System Sizing
78
1.3.1 SAP Benchmarks
82
1.3.2 Quick Sizer
86
1.3.3 Productive Sizing
90
1.3.4 BWA Sizing
95
1.4 System Settings
98
1.4.1 Profile Parameters
99
1.4.2 Implementation Guide
101
1.4.3 BI Basis Customizing
103
1.4.4 Global Settings and Exchange Rates
106
2 Data Architecture and Loading
109
2.1 Data Flow in SAP BW
110
2.1.1 The Data Flow Diagram
110
2.1.2 Data Flow Components
111
2.1.3 New Features for SAP BW 7.40
115
2.2 Layer Architectures of a Data Warehouse
117
2.2.1 Layered Scalable Architecture
117
2.2.2 Layered Scalable Architecture with SAP HANA
123
2.3 Graphical Modeling
125
2.3.1 Data Flow Templates
127
2.3.2 SAP-Delivered Data Flow Templates
128
2.4 Data Load Automation
134
2.4.1 Process Chains
135
2.4.2 Process Variants in Detail
140
3 Data Management
157
3.1 Master Data
158
3.1.1 Master Data Design
159
3.1.2 Master Data Loading
170
3.1.3 Master Data Maintenance
176
3.2 Transaction Data
184
3.2.1 InfoProvider Partitioning
184
3.2.2 Repartitioning
187
3.2.3 InfoProvider Maintenance
191
3.2.4 Aggregates
194
3.2.5 BW Accelerator
195
3.3 Temporary Data
196
3.3.1 SAP BW Archiving Objects
201
3.3.2 Archiving Request Administration Data
202
3.3.3 Statistics and Technical Content
204
3.4 Data Retention Strategy
205
3.5 Near-Line Storage
212
4 Roles and Authorizations
217
4.1 Authorization Concept in AS ABAP
217
4.1.1 Authorization Fields
220
4.1.2 Activity Fields
220
4.2 Standard Authorization Objects
221
4.2.1 Developer and Administrator Authorizations
222
4.2.2 Reporting Authorizations
224
4.3 Analysis Authorizations
225
4.3.1 Creating an InfoObject for Analysis Authorizations
225
4.3.2 Defining Analysis Authorizations
228
4.3.3 Automatically Generating Analysis Authorization
229
4.4 Roles
231
4.4.1 Administrator Roles
232
4.4.2 End-User Roles
232
4.4.3 Role Templates
233
4.5 User Administration
236
4.5.1 Defining Users
236
4.5.2 Assigning Analysis Authorizations to Users
238
4.5.3 User Administration Tools
241
4.6 Troubleshooting Authorization Problems
242
4.6.1 Standard Authorization Errors
242
4.6.2 SAP BW Analysis Authorization Errors
246
Part II: Performance Tuning
251
5 Data Modeling and Loading for Performance
253
5.1 Data Modeling for Performance
253
5.1.1 Enhanced Data Modeling with SAP BW 7.40
257
5.1.2 Semantic Partitioning
262
5.1.3 InfoCube Modeling
267
5.1.4 DSO Modeling
279
5.1.5 Virtual InfoProviders
291
5.1.6 HybridProvider
314
5.2 Data Loading for Performance
317
5.2.1 Extraction Processing
317
5.2.2 Transfer Processing
332
5.2.3 Load Processing
346
5.2.4 ABAP Guidelines
352
6 Reporting Performance Tuning
357
6.1 Identifying Performance Problems
357
6.1.1 Using SAP BW-Specific Tools
357
6.1.2 Using Workload Monitors
368
6.1.3 Performance Testing
384
6.1.4 Analyzing Query-Specific Performance Issues
385
6.2 Reporting Performance Tuning
405
6.2.1 Database Optimizations
405
6.2.2 Query Optimization
411
6.2.3 Frontend Tool Optimization
414
Part III: Administration Tasks in Your SAP BW System
423
7 Daily Tasks
425
7.1 Daily Administration Tasks
425
7.1.1 Checking Database Storage
426
7.1.2 Checking Workload
430
7.1.3 Checking BWA
437
7.1.4 Performing System Checks
439
7.1.5 Automating Daily Tasks
445
7.2 Daily Data Load Monitoring Tasks
446
7.2.1 Monitoring SAP BW CCMS Alerts
446
7.2.2 Monitoring Process Chains
448
7.2.3 Monitoring InfoPackages and RDA Daemons
449
7.2.4 Monitoring DSO Activations
451
7.2.5 Checking Aggregates
451
8 Weekly Tasks
455
8.1 Weekly Administration Tasks
455
8.1.1 Reviewing SAP EarlyWatch Alert
456
8.1.2 Rebuilding BWA Indexes
461
8.1.3 Cleaning PSA and Change Logs
464
8.1.4 Cleaning Application Logs
467
8.1.5 Executing BW Housekeeping Task List
469
8.1.6 Executing Other Housekeeping Tasks
470
8.1.7 Executing RSRV Consistency Checks
472
8.2 Weekly Performance Tuning
473
8.2.1 Monitoring BI Statistics
474
8.2.2 Compressing InfoCubes
477
8.2.3 Rebuilding DB Indexes and Statistics
477
8.2.4 Monitoring Cache Usage
478
9 Monthly Tasks
481
9.1 Monthly Administration Tasks
482
9.1.1 Scheduling System Restart
482
9.1.2 Changing Portal Settings
489
9.1.3 Checking SAP Notes
490
9.1.4 Taking Action on the EarlyWatch Alert
493
9.1.5 Executing RSRV Cleanup Tasks
493
9.1.6 Collecting BWA Usage
495
9.1.7 Forecasting Storage Capacity
497
9.2 Monthly Performance Tuning
499
9.2.1 Conducting File System Housekeeping
500
9.2.2 Archiving/Near-Lining Data
503
9.2.3 Monitoring Data Load Statistics
505
10 Quarterly Tasks
509
10.1 Quarterly Administration Tasks
509
10.1.1 Managing Users and Licenses
510
10.1.2 Testing System Refresh
515
10.1.3 Maintaining Hardware
523
10.1.4 Updating SAP Kernels
524
10.1.5 Applying Database Updates and Parameters
525
10.1.6 Patching Operating System
528
10.1.7 Validating System Parameters
528
10.1.8 Reviewing Open Transport Requests
530
10.2 Quarterly Performance Tuning Tasks
530
10.2.1 Reorganizing the Database
531
10.2.2 Deleting Obsolete Queries and Reports
532
10.2.3 Deleting Obsolete Data Flows
536
10.2.4 Reviewing Configuration Settings
536
11 Yearly Tasks
547
11.1 Yearly Administration Tasks
548
11.1.1 Upgrading SAP BW
548
11.1.2 Applying SAP BW Support Packs
553
11.1.3 Performing SAPgui Maintenance
558
11.1.4 Testing High Availability and Disaster Recovery
563
11.1.5 Assessing System Risks
564
11.2 Yearly Performance Tuning Tasks
564
11.2.1 Reviewing Data Flow
564
11.2.2 Reviewing External Performance and Optimization
565
11.2.3 Re-Partitioning InfoProviders
566
Part IV: Support for Your BI Initiatives
573
12 BI Competency Center
575
12.1 Centralized Support Organization
577
12.1.1 BICC Governance
579
12.1.2 Project Delivery
581
12.1.3 Service Delivery
584
12.2 Roles and Skill Sets
585
12.2.1 Business Roles
586
12.2.2 IT Roles
589
12.3 Team Structure
596
12.3.1 BICC Governance
596
12.3.2 Project Delivery
597
12.3.3 Service Delivery
598
12.4 Best Practices
599
12.4.1 Vision and Strategy
599
12.4.2 Governance
601
12.4.3 Guidelines
602
12.4.4 Compliance
603
Appendices
605
A Checklists
607
A.1 Development Checklists
607
A.2 Housekeeping Checklists
614
B Transaction Codes
619
C Reports and Utilities
629
D The Authors
639
Index
641