1 In-Memory Computing, Big Data, and SAP HANA

19

1.1 Introduction to In-Memory Computing and Big Data

20

1.1.1 In-Memory Computing and Analytics

20

1.1.2 Big Data

26

1.2 Column-Based versus Row-Based Storage

31

1.3 Summary

38

2 SAP HANA as a Database

39

2.1 The Fundamentals of SAP HANA

39

2.1.1 What SAP HANA Can Do

41

2.1.2 What SAP HANA Can’t Do

43

2.2 Big Data Solutions

44

2.2.1 SAP HANA

44

2.2.2 Dynamic Tiering

47

2.2.3 SAP HANA Smart Data Access

50

2.2.4 SAP HANA Vora and Hadoop

54

2.3 SAP HANA for Non-SAP Use Cases

56

2.3.1 SAP HANA for Non-SAP Analytics

57

2.3.2 SAP HANA for Non-SAP Applications

69

2.4 SAP BW on SAP HANA

71

2.4.1 Technical Requirements

77

2.4.2 Skill Requirements

80

2.4.3 Project Plan Steps

83

2.4.4 Choosing SAP BW on SAP HANA

85

2.5 SAP Business Suite Powered by SAP HANA

86

2.6 SAP S/4HANA

89

2.7 Other SAP HANA Capabilities

90

2.7.1 SAP HANA Smart Data Streaming

91

2.7.2 SAP HANA Predictive Analysis Library

93

2.7.3 SAP HANA Graph Engine

94

2.7.4 SAP HANA Sentiment Analysis

95

2.8 Summary

96

3 SAP HANA as an Application Platform

97

3.1 SAP HANA XS Classic

98

3.1.1 Architecture

99

3.1.2 Developing SAP HANA XS Classic Applications

100

3.2 SAP HANA XSA

109

3.2.1 SAP HANA XSA Architecture

111

3.2.2 Installing SAP HANA XSA Runtime

116

3.3 Developing SAP HANA XSA Applications with SAP Web IDE

130

3.3.1 Getting the SAP Web IDE Address

131

3.3.2 Project Setup

134

3.3.3 Developing and Running Application Modules

136

3.4 Summary

139

4 SAP HANA Cloud Platform

141

4.1 Overview

142

4.2 Features

144

4.2.1 Access and Authorizations

144

4.2.2 Enablement Services

145

4.2.3 Schemas

146

4.2.4 Content Management

146

4.2.5 Mobile Services

147

4.3 SAP HANA Cloud Platform Cockpit

148

4.4 SAP HANA Cloud Portal

151

4.5 Getting Started

153

4.6 Summary

155

5 SAP S/4HANA

157

5.1 Overview

157

5.2 SAP S/4HANA Finance

162

5.2.1 Universal Journal

163

5.2.2 Period Close

164

5.2.3 Asset Accounting

165

5.2.4 SAP Cash Management

165

5.2.5 SAP Material Ledger

165

5.2.6 SAP BPC for S/4HANA Finance

166

5.3 SAP S/4HANA Materials Management and Operations

167

5.3.1 Manufacturing

168

5.3.2 Supply Chain

169

5.4 Business Case for SAP S/4HANA

170

5.5 Migration from SAP ERP to SAP S/4HANA

172

5.6 SAP Activate

174

5.7 Summary

175

6 Planning an SAP HANA Implementation

177

6.1 Technical Basics

177

6.1.1 In-Memory Computing Engine

177

6.1.2 Software Specifications

179

6.1.3 Software Editions for Specific Purposes

181

6.1.4 Network Speed between Servers

187

6.1.5 Software Install

187

6.2 Hardware Specifications and Options

189

6.2.1 Scaled-Up SAP HANA Systems

190

6.2.2 Scaled-Out SAP HANA Systems

192

6.2.3 Hardware Platforms

193

6.3 SAP HANA as a Standalone Data Warehouse

194

6.3.1 Data Modeling

195

6.3.2 Sizing

196

6.4 SAP Business Suite on SAP HANA

200

6.4.1 New Features

201

6.4.2 Implementation Options

203

6.4.3 Sizing

208

6.5 SAP S/4HANA

213

6.5.1 Moving to SAP S/4HANA Cloud

214

6.5.2 Moving to On-Premise SAP S/4HANA

215

6.6 SAP Business Warehouse on SAP HANA

218

6.6.1 Sizing

220

6.6.2 Preparing for a Migration

228

6.6.3 Performing a Migration

233

6.6.4 Optimizing a Migration

237

6.6.5 New Features in SAP BW 7.4

244

6.6.6 New Features in SAP BW 7.5

247

6.7 Summary

249

7 Reporting with SAP HANA

251

7.1 Overview of Tools

251

7.1.1 SAP BusinessObjects Dashboards

251

7.1.2 SAP BusinessObjects Web Intelligence

253

7.1.3 SAP BusinessObjects Explorer

254

7.1.4 SAP BusinessObjects Analysis

259

7.1.5 SAP BusinessObjects Design Studio

260

7.1.6 SAP Crystal Reports

262

7.1.7 SAP BusinessObjects Lumira

263

7.2 Connecting SAP BusinessObjects BI Tools to SAP HANA

267

7.2.1 Direct Connection through the SAP BusinessObjects 4.2 Platform

267

7.2.2 Universes with Open Database Connections and Java Database Connections

270

7.2.3 Connecting to Excel with Open Database Objects and MDX

277

7.2.4 Building a Microsoft Query on SAP HANA

281

7.2.5 BICS Connections

282

7.3 SAP HANA Live

282

7.3.1 Installing SAP HANA Live Content Tools and Content Delivery Units

285

7.3.2 SAP HANA Live Browser

287

7.3.3 SAP HANA Live VDMs

290

7.3.4 SAP HANA Live Extension Assistant

292

7.4 Summary

295

8 Data Modeling with SAP HANA

297

8.1 Data Modeling with SAP HANA Studio

298

8.1.1 SAP HANA Development Perspective

299

8.1.2 Creating and Importing Tables and Data

304

8.1.3 Generating Time Data

309

8.1.4 Migrating Attribute and Analytic Views

310

8.1.5 Delivery Units and Packages

316

8.2 Calculation Views: Dimensional Views

318

8.2.1 Dimensional Views

319

8.2.2 Adding Projection Nodes

323

8.2.3 Applying Filters

326

8.2.4 Union Nodes

328

8.2.5 Scenarios Pane Controls

330

8.2.6 String Functions

332

8.2.7 Input Parameters

334

8.2.8 Semantics Node

339

8.3 Calculation Views: Cube Views

345

8.3.1 Join Nodes

347

8.3.2 Temporal and Spatial Joins

353

8.3.3 Aggregation Nodes

354

8.3.4 Rank Nodes

356

8.3.5 Currency Conversions

357

8.4 SAP BW Modeling Tool for SAP HANA Studio

362

8.4.1 CompositeProviders

365

8.4.2 Advanced DataStore Objects

367

8.4.3 Open ODS Views

369

8.5 SAP HANA Web-Based Development Workbench

370

8.5.1 Catalog

372

8.5.2 Security

373

8.5.3 Traces

374

8.5.4 Editor

376

8.6 Summary

383

9 Data Provisioning

385

9.1 Choosing a Data Provisioning Method

385

9.1.1 Data Provisioning Methods at a Glance

386

9.1.2 Strategic Considerations

389

9.1.3 Technical Considerations

395

9.2 Trigger-Based Replication: SAP Landscape Transformation

399

9.2.1 How SLT Works

399

9.2.2 Installation

402

9.2.3 SLT Configuration

404

9.2.4 SLT Administration

405

9.2.5 Extended Features

406

9.2.6 Setting Up a New Replication Configuration in SAP HANA

411

9.2.7 Adding Tables to an Existing Replication Configuration

418

9.3 ETL-Based Replication: SAP Data Services

423

9.3.1 Configuration Requirements

424

9.3.2 Preparing SAP HANA to Receive Data from SAP Data Services

425

9.3.3 Data Update Methods

428

9.3.4 Loading Data

432

9.4 Log-Based Replication: SAP (Sybase) Replication Server (RS) and SAP HANA Load Controller (LC)

448

9.4.1 Installation

450

9.4.2 Running SAP (Sybase) Replication Server (RS)

451

9.5 SAP HANA Smart Data Access for Data Federation and Virtualization

451

9.5.1 Setting up Database Drivers

453

9.5.2 Connecting Hadoop to SDA

454

9.5.3 Consuming Data with SDA

454

9.6 Summary

456

10 SAP HANA Administration

459

10.1 Using the SAP HANA Administration Console

460

10.1.1 Adding Systems

462

10.1.2 Exporting and Importing Systems

465

10.1.3 Viewing System Installation Details

465

10.1.4 Administration Editor and Diagnosis Mode

467

10.1.5 Changing File Locations

467

10.1.6 Changing Configurations

468

10.1.7 Modifying the Administration Console

468

10.2 SAP HANA Cockpit

470

10.2.1 Customizing

472

10.2.2 Roles for Users and Catalogs

475

10.2.3 Offline Administration

476

10.3 System Monitoring

477

10.3.1 Monitoring Disk Usage

478

10.3.2 Performance Monitoring

479

10.3.3 Monitoring with Alerts

480

10.3.4 Configuring Alerts

481

10.3.5 Monitoring Services and Distributed Systems

481

10.3.6 Exporting and Importing Table Data and Definitions

483

10.3.7 Monitoring Memory Usage

485

10.3.8 Managing Large Tables with Partitioning

486

10.3.9 Moving Files and Partitions for Load Balancing

489

10.3.10 Fixing a Disk Full Event

489

10.3.11 Support for Unresponsive Systems

490

10.4 Updates

490

10.4.1 Updating the SAP HANA Appliance

490

10.4.2 Updating SAP HANA Studio

492

10.5 Security

494

10.5.1 System Privileges

494

10.5.2 Authentication Security

496

10.5.3 Authorization Security

496

10.5.4 Setting a Password Policy

501

10.6 License Keys

502

10.6.1 Temporary License Keys

503

10.6.2 Permanent License Keys

504

10.7 Backup and High Availability

505

10.7.1 Backup

505

10.7.2 High Availability

508

10.8 Virtualization

508

10.9 Multiple Databases and Components on the Same Hardware

512

10.9.1 Multiple Components One Database

512

10.9.2 Multiple Components One System

513

10.10 Multitenancy and Multitenant Database Containers

514

10.10.1 Multitenancy versus Virtualization

516

10.10.2 Cross-Platform Data Consumption

517

10.10.3 Scaling-Out with Multitenancy

518

10.11 Multi-tier Data Management

519

10.11.1 Dynamic Tiering

519

10.11.2 Data Lifecycle Manager

524

10.11.3 SAP HANA Vora

528

10.12 SAP Solution Manager and SAP HANA

532

10.13 DBA Cockpit for SAP HANA

533

10.14 Summary

536

Appendices

537

The Authors

537

Index

539