Preface

17

Purpose and Scope

17

Structure of the Book

18

Demo Workspace

19

How to Use This Guide

20

Acknowledgments

20

1 Understanding the New Enterprise Architecture Landscape

21

1.1 The Three Waves

21

1.2 The Shift

24

1.3 The Enterprise Architecture Mandate

27

1.4 Summary

28

2 Introduction to SAP LeanIX

29

2.1 Fundamentals and Product Structure

29

2.1.1 SAP LeanIX Application Portfolio Management

31

2.1.2 SAP LeanIX Technology Risk and Compliance

34

2.1.3 SAP LeanIX Architecture and Road Map Planning

39

2.2 Meta Model and Fact Sheets

42

2.2.1 Basics of the Meta Model

42

2.2.2 Application

46

2.2.3 Business Capability

48

2.2.4 Organization

50

2.2.5 IT Component

51

2.2.6 Provider

53

2.2.7 Tech Category

54

2.2.8 Interface

56

2.2.9 System

59

2.3 Enterprise Architecture Features

60

2.3.1 Subscriptions and Data Quality Governance

61

2.3.2 To-Dos and Comments on Fact Sheets

62

2.3.3 Surveys

63

2.3.4 Workspace Views and Portals

68

2.4 Summary

73

3 Setting Up Your SAP LeanIX Workspace

75

3.1 Onboarding

75

3.2 Administrative Prerequisites

77

3.3 Workspace Setup

78

3.3.1 Admin Core Team Invitation

78

3.3.2 User Access Management and SSO

79

3.3.3 Administration Menu

83

3.4 Summary

105

4 Modeling Core Architecture Objects

107

4.1 Fact Sheet Attributes

108

4.2 Discovering, Importing, and Creating Fact Sheets

109

4.2.1 Reference Business Capability Map

109

4.2.2 Discovery Inbox

111

4.2.3 SAP Discovery via SAP Cloud ALM

112

4.2.4 SaaS Discovery

120

4.2.5 AI Agent Discovery

124

4.2.6 Microsoft Excel Import

125

4.2.7 Manually Creating a Fact Sheet

139

4.3 Linking, Updating, and Enriching Fact Sheets

141

4.3.1 Linking Applications to Business Capabilities

143

4.3.2 Edit Information in the Fact Sheet

145

4.3.3 Mass Data Updates in Inventory Table View

146

4.3.4 Enriching Information via Crowdsourcing

150

4.3.5 Searching the Inventory

151

4.4 Summary

156

5 Reporting and Visualizations

159

5.1 Reports

160

5.1.1 Report Types

160

5.1.2 Creating and Modifying Reports

164

5.1.3 Custom Reports

175

5.2 Diagrams

177

5.2.1 Draw.io as the Technical Foundation

177

5.2.2 Navigating Diagrams

178

5.2.3 Diagram Types

179

5.2.4 Diagram Editor

180

5.2.5 Color-Coding Diagrams

185

5.2.6 Fact Sheet Preview

186

5.3 Dashboards

187

5.3.1 Creating a New Dashboard

187

5.3.2 Managing Dashboards

194

5.3.3 KPIs on Dashboards

197

5.4 Summary

202

6 Creating Your First Architecture Roadmap

203

6.1 Initiative Fact Sheets

203

6.2 Basic Future Architecture Planning

208

6.2.1 Configure Active From Field

208

6.2.2 Create Roadmap Report

210

6.3 Advanced Target Architecture Planning with Transformations

214

6.3.1 Milestones

214

6.3.2 Transformations

216

6.4 Target Architecture Diagrams

241

6.5 Integration with Project Management Solutions

246

6.6 Summary

248

7 Application Portfolio Management

249

7.1 Strategy and Awareness

250

7.2 Choosing the Right Assessment Approach

252

7.2.1 Framework Overview

253

7.2.2 Preparing Your Workspace

258

7.3 Application Rationalization Use Case

262

7.3.1 The Why: Strategic Drivers Behind the Transformation

263

7.3.2 The What: The Case for Application Rationalization

263

7.3.3 The How: The Transformation Approach

264

7.3.4 For Whom: The Stakeholders Who Benefit

264

7.4 Scoping and Data Enrichment

265

7.5 Evaluate Data and Retrieve Insights

270

7.5.1 Starting with TIME Classifications

270

7.5.2 Adding Total Cost of Ownership

272

7.5.3 Adding Business Criticality

275

7.6 Prioritize Candidates and Understand Impact

278

7.7 Building the Rationalization Roadmap

279

7.8 Decision-Making and Communication

281

7.9 Monitoring with KPIs

282

7.9.1 Application Portfolio Management Dashboard

282

7.9.2 Application Rationalization Dashboard

284

7.9.3 Architecture Executive Dashboard

286

7.10 Summary

291

8 Enterprise-Wide Planning with SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework

293

8.1 Overview of SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework

293

8.2 Structure of SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework

295

8.3 SAP Reference Architecture Content

298

8.4 Applying SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework in SAP LeanIX

301

8.4.1 Requirements Management

302

8.4.2 Architecture Principles

302

8.4.3 Business Strategy Map

307

8.4.4 Enterprise Transformation Assessment

312

8.4.5 Organization Map

319

8.4.6 Business Capability Map

321

8.4.7 Application Architecture Overview Diagram

326

8.4.8 Architecture Roadmap

335

8.5 Integration with SAP Build and SAP BTP

337

8.6 Summary

345

9 Additional Use Cases and Extensions

347

9.1 Self-Built Software Management and Product Architecture

347

9.1.1 Self-Built Software Discovery

348

9.1.2 Software Bill of Materials Analysis

352

9.1.3 Tech Standards Management

357

9.2 Mergers and Acquisitions

361

9.3 Digital Operational Resilience Act

363

9.4 Preparation for Open Finance

367

9.5 Summary

374

10 Advanced Techniques: Calculations and Automations

377

10.1 Overview

377

10.2 Calculations

378

10.2.1 Adding a Calculation

379

10.2.2 Activating a Template Calculation

380

10.2.3 Syntax Examples for Custom Calculations

383

10.2.4 Error Handling, Error Log, and Deactivating a Calculation

386

10.2.5 Calculation Examples

388

10.3 Automations

398

10.4 Managed Code

409

10.5 Summary

410

11 AI Capabilities in SAP LeanIX

411

11.1 Embedded Services

412

11.1.1 Natural Language Filters

413

11.1.2 Standard Prompts

414

11.1.3 Semantic Analysis

415

11.1.4 Additional Embedded AI Services

416

11.2 AI-Assisted Inventory Builder

417

11.3 Enterprise Architecture Assistant

422

11.4 AI-Assisted Architecture Guidance

425

11.5 External Agent Integration via MCP Server

428

11.5.1 MCP Server Tools and Components

430

11.5.2 Dos and Don’ts

435

11.5.3 Build Your First Claude Agent Skill

436

11.6 Custom AI Solutions

446

11.6.1 Vibe Coding of AI-Driven Reports

446

11.6.2 Building Standalone Applications

447

11.7 Joule

451

11.8 Risks and Limitations

453

11.9 Summary

453

12 Enterprise Architecture Governance

455

12.1 The Building Blocks of Enterprise Architecture Governance

455

12.1.1 Principles

455

12.1.2 Outcomes

456

12.1.3 Core Foundations

458

12.2 Enterprise Architecture Governance Case

460

12.2.1 Context

460

12.2.2 Structuring the Use Case

461

12.3 Enterprise Architecture Governance in Practice with SAP LeanIX

468

12.3.1 Architecture Decisions

469

12.3.2 Standards and Principles

473

12.3.3 Boards and Roles

474

12.3.4 Operating Model

474

12.3.5 Decision-Making Model

474

12.3.6 Processes and Workflows

475

12.3.7 Tools and Repositories

475

12.3.8 Metrics and KPIs

475

12.4 Summary

476

13 AI Governance

477

13.1 Why AI Governance Has Become an Enterprise Architecture Responsibility

478

13.2 Preparing Your Workspace

480

13.2.1 Activating the AI Governance Extension

480

13.2.2 Activation of SAP Suggestions in Your Landscape

489

13.3 Governing Your Agents in the Landscape

490

13.3.1 Baseline Architecture Assessment

490

13.3.2 Prebuilt Integration of AI Agents

491

13.3.3 AI Agent API

496

13.3.4 Risk Assessment

499

13.4 AI Target Planning

503

13.5 Value Perspective

506

13.6 Communication to Stakeholders

508

13.7 Measurement and Management Reporting

512

13.8 Summary

515