1 Architecture of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP

25

1.1 Components of SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP

25

1.2 Client/Server Architecture in SAP NetWeaver

27

1.3 Access Over the Internet

34

1.3.1 Internet Communication Manager (ICM)

36

1.3.2 Integrated Internet Transaction Server (ITS)

40

1.3.3 Standalone Internet Transaction Server

41

1.4 Presentation Layer

41

1.5 Application Layer

50

1.6 Database Layer

57

1.7 Network

60

1.8 Operating System

62

1.8.1 Directory Structure

63

1.8.2 Users

65

1.9 Tips

66

1.10 Transactions and Menu Paths

66

1.11 Additional Documentation

66

1.12 Questions

67

2 Process Concept of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP

69

2.1 Dialog Processing

69

2.2 Background Processing

71

2.2.1 Concepts

71

2.2.2 Defining Background Jobs

74

2.2.3 Analysis

82

2.2.4 Analysis Functions

84

2.2.5 Authorizations

87

2.2.6 Maintenance Jobs

88

2.2.7 External Interface

91

2.2.8 SAP Central Process Scheduling by Redwood

91

2.2.9 Integration with SAP Solution Manager

95

2.2.10 Tips

98

2.2.11 Transactions and Menu Paths

99

2.2.12 Questions

100

2.3 Updating

101

2.3.1 Concepts of Updating

102

2.3.2 Configuration of the Update System

106

2.3.3 Monitoring and Troubleshooting an Update

108

2.3.4 Tips

113

2.3.5 Transactions and Menu Paths

114

2.3.6 Additional Documentation

114

2.3.7 Questions

114

2.4 Lock Management

115

2.4.1 Types of Locks

115

2.4.2 Lock Owners

116

2.4.3 Enqueue Server and Lock Table

118

2.4.4 Managing Lock Entries

123

2.4.5 Useful SAP Notes

127

2.4.6 Questions

127

2.5 Output Processing

128

2.5.1 Basic Principles

128

2.5.2 Configuring the Spool Work Processes

130

2.5.3 Configuring Spool Servers

132

2.5.4 Configuring the Landscape of Output Devices

137

2.5.5 SAPSprint Service

147

2.5.6 SAPPDFPRINT Service

148

2.5.7 Analysis and Troubleshooting

149

2.5.8 Authorizations

156

2.5.9 Tips

157

2.5.10 Transactions and Menu Paths

158

2.5.11 Questions

158

2.6 SAP Virtual Machine Container (VMC)

160

3 Getting Started

165

3.1 Starting SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and Java

165

3.2 Stopping SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and Java

168

3.3 Logging the Startup Process

172

3.4 SAP GUI—The Classic User Interface

181

3.5 SAP NetWeaver Business Client—The New User Interface

183

3.6 General Administration Tasks

186

3.6.1 Status

186

3.6.2 System Monitoring

187

3.6.3 System Log

194

3.6.4 System Messages

194

3.6.5 Lists

194

3.6.6 Table Maintenance

195

3.7 Tips

197

3.8 Transactions and Menu Paths

198

3.9 Additional Documentation

199

3.10 Questions

199

4 Setting Up the System Landscape

201

4.1 System Landscape Tasks

202

4.2 Initializing the Transport System

206

4.3 Configuring the Transport Management System

210

4.3.1 Transport Domains

211

4.3.2 Transport Routes

217

4.3.3 Extended Transport Control

221

4.3.4 QA Approval Procedure

222

4.3.5 Outlook on CTS+

223

4.4 Transport Control Program tp

224

4.5 System Landscape Directory

225

4.5.1 Basic Strategies of the SLD Structures

229

4.5.2 Setting Up the SLD

230

4.6 Tips

233

4.7 Transactions and Menu Paths

233

4.8 Additional Documentation

233

4.9 Questions

234

5 Client Administration

237

5.1 Default Clients and Users

238

5.2 Creating New Clients

241

5.3 Local Copying

248

5.4 Remote Copy

254

5.5 Client Transport

257

5.6 Special Functions

264

5.7 Tips

264

5.8 Transactions and Menu Paths

268

5.9 Additional Documentation

269

5.10 Questions

269

6 Software Logistics

271

6.1 Implementation Guide

271

6.2 Processing Objects

276

6.2.1 Request Structures

276

6.2.2 Request Types

277

6.2.3 Processing Requests with the Transport Organizer

279

6.2.4 Transport Logs

290

6.2.5 Transport Organizer (Extended View)

297

6.2.6 Transport Tools

298

6.3 Importing Transport Requests

299

6.4 Manual Operation of the Transport Control Program tp

302

6.5 Installing Support Packages and Industry Solutions

304

6.5.1 Installing Support Packages

304

6.5.2 Installing Add-Ons

307

6.6 Managing and Installing SAP Enhancement Packages

308

6.6.1 SAP Enhancement Package Installer (SAPehpi)

309

6.6.2 Installation of SAP Enhancement Packages

309

6.6.3 Activation

311

6.7 Transporting Non-ABAP Objects

312

6.7.1 CTS+ Components

313

6.7.2 Configuration

314

6.7.3 Creating and Managing Transport Requests

316

6.8 Tips

319

6.9 Transactions and Menu Paths

321

6.10 Additional Documentation

322

6.11 Questions

322

7 Maintaining Instances

325

7.1 Profile Maintenance

325

7.2 Operation Modes

338

7.3 Dynamic Work Processes

345

7.4 Control Panel

350

7.5 Dynamic User Distribution

352

7.6 RFC Server Groups

355

7.7 Tips

359

7.8 Transactions and Menu Paths

360

7.9 Additional Documentation

360

7.10 Questions

361

8 SAP Users and Authorizations

363

8.1 Basic Principles

363

8.2 User Maintenance

364

8.2.1 Creating a User

365

8.2.2 License Data

371

8.2.3 Changing Users and Mass Changes

372

8.2.4 Logon and Password Protection

373

8.2.5 Internet Users

374

8.2.6 Default Users

375

8.3 Authorizations

376

8.3.1 Authorization Checks—Overview

377

8.3.2 Authorizations and Authorization Objects

378

8.3.3 Authorization Profiles

381

8.3.4 Important Profiles in the System Administration Area

382

8.3.5 Role Maintenance

382

8.3.6 Important Roles in the System Administration Area

390

8.3.7 User Assignment and User Comparison

391

8.3.8 Transporting Roles

393

8.3.9 Upgrade Procedure

394

8.3.10 Troubleshooting and Traces

394

8.4 Personal Settings

395

8.5 Information about Users and Authorizations

397

8.5.1 Information System

397

8.5.2 Security Audit Log

398

8.6 Central User Administration

400

8.6.1 Setting Up the ALE Scenario

402

8.6.2 Activating and Configuring Central User Administration

402

8.6.3 Deleting Central User Administration

404

8.6.4 Administrating Users in Central User Administration

404

8.7 Directory Services

406

8.8 Tips

406

8.9 Transactions and Menu Paths

407

8.10 Additional Documentation

409

8.11 Questions

410

9 System Monitoring

411

9.1 Server and Process Overviews

411

9.2 User Overviews

419

9.3 System Log

421

9.4 Analysis of Runtime Errors

424

9.5 Trace Files

426

9.6 Lock Entries

430

9.7 Performance Monitoring

431

9.7.1 Administrative Principles

432

9.7.2 Monitors

432

9.8 Administration of the Integrated Internet Transaction Server (ITS)

434

9.8.1 Parameter Tabstrip

436

9.8.2 Memory Statistics Tabstrip

437

9.8.3 Template and MIME Cache Tabstrip

437

9.8.4 Mutex Locks Tabstrip

438

9.8.5 HTML Template Directory Tabstrip

438

9.8.6 Feature List Tabstrip

439

9.8.7 BHTML Runtime Tabstrip

439

9.9 Internet Communication Manager Administration

440

9.10 Database Administration

446

9.10.1 Tasks to Be Planned at Regular Intervals

447

9.10.2 Database Fill Level and Objects

449

9.10.3 Database Assistant

450

9.10.4 DBA Cockpit

452

9.11 System Administration Assistant

454

9.12 SAP NetWeaver Administrator (NWA)

456

9.13 Overview of Regular Tasks

462

9.14 Tips

464

9.15 Transactions and Menu Paths

465

9.16 Additional Documentation

468

9.17 Questions

469

10 Tools for Creating and Analyzing ABAP Programs

471

10.1 The ABAP Editor

471

10.2 New ABAP Debugger

476

10.2.1 Technology of the New Debugger

476

10.2.2 Interface of the New Debugger

477

10.3 Runtime Analysis

480

10.3.1 Initial Screen

482

10.3.2 Single Activity Trace (SAT)—Further Development of the Runtime Analysis

484

10.4 Performance Trace

486

10.4.1 User Interface of the Performance Trace

487

10.4.2 Creating a Performance Trace

488

10.4.3 Analyzing Individual SQL Statements

491

10.5 Tips

492

10.6 Transactions and Menu Paths

492

10.7 Additional Documentation

492

10.8 Questions

493

11 Monitoring Architecture

495

11.1 Alert Monitor

496

11.1.1 Basic Principles

496

11.1.2 Components

499

11.1.3 Technical Implementation

501

11.2 Customizing the Alert Monitor

507

11.2.1 Integrating Remote Systems

508

11.2.2 Creating Customer-Specific Monitors and Monitor Sets

509

11.2.3 Specific Adjustment of Properties

511

11.3 Analyzing Alert Monitors

518

11.4 Setting Up a Central Monitoring System (CEN)

519

11.5 Customizing Examples

520

11.5.1 Analyzing a Log File

521

11.5.2 Auto-Reaction Method: Sending Email

525

11.5.3 Filtering the System Log

525

11.6 Monitoring Alert Infrastructure

528

11.6.1 Configuration

531

11.6.2 Alert Inbox

531

11.6.3 Monitors

533

11.6.4 Technical Implementation

540

11.7 Tips

541

11.8 Transactions and Menu Paths

543

11.9 Additional Documentation

544

11.10 Questions

545

12 Data Archiving

547

12.1 Archive Development Kit (ADK)

548

12.2 Customizing

552

12.2.1 Cross-Archiving-Object Customizing

557

12.2.2 Archiving-Object-Specific Customizing

559

12.2.3 Basis Customizing

561

12.2.4 Application-Specific Customizing

561

12.3 Control and Evaluation

562

12.4 Tips

565

12.5 Transactions and Menu Paths

567

12.6 Additional Documentation

568

12.7 Questions

569

13 Data Distribution and Transfer

571

13.1 RFC Connections

572

13.2 Application Link Enabling

581

13.2.1 Technical Basics

582

13.2.2 Close and Loose Coupling Using BAPIs

587

13.2.3 Configuration

587

13.2.4 Monitoring and Analysis

596

13.3 Data Transfer

598

13.3.1 Batch Input

600

13.3.2 Direct Input

603

13.3.3 BAPI

603

13.3.4 Legacy System Migration Workbench

604

13.3.5 Data Transfer Workbench

604

13.4 SAPconnect

605

13.5 SAP NetWeaver Process Integration

608

13.6 Tips

611

13.7 Transactions and Menu Paths

611

13.8 Additional Documentation

613

13.9 Questions

613

14 Installation Concepts

615

14.1 Preparations

615

14.2 Installation with SAPinst

617

14.3 Postinstallation Actions

624

14.4 Tips

631

14.5 Transactions and Menu Paths

632

14.6 Additional Documentation

632

14.7 Questions

633

15 SAP Solution Manager and Service and Support

635

15.1 SAP Solution Manager as a Collaboration Platform

635

15.1.1 Work Centers

639

15.1.2 “SAP Solution Manager: Configuration” Work Center

641

15.1.3 “Technical Administration” Work Center

642

15.1.4 “SAP Engagement and Service Delivery” Work Center

644

15.1.5 “Technical Monitoring” Work Center

647

15.1.6 “System Monitoring” Work Center

647

15.1.7 “Assistant for Solution Documentation” Work Center

648

15.1.8 “Business Process Operations” Work Center

649

15.1.9 “Root Cause Analysis” Work Center

650

15.1.10 “Incident Management” Work Center

651

15.1.11 “Change Management” Work Center

652

15.1.12 “Test Management” Work Center

654

15.1.13 “Job Management” Work Center

655

15.1.14 “Data Volume Management” Work Center

655

15.1.15 “Implementation/Upgrade” Work Center

656

15.2 Configuration of Support Connections

659

15.2.1 Remote Connections to Customer Systems

659

15.2.2 SAProuter Program

659

15.2.3 Configure Users

664

15.2.4 Maintenance of Customer Data

664

15.3 Overview of the SAP Service Marketplace

665

15.3.1 For Customers

666

15.3.2 For Partners

666

15.3.3 For All Visitors

666

15.3.4 SAP Help Portal

667

15.3.5 SAP Education

667

15.3.6 SAP Support Portal

668

15.3.7 Maintenance and Services

669

15.4 Tips

670

15.5 Transactions and Menu Paths

670

15.6 Additional Documentation

671

15.7 Questions

672

Appendices

675

A Control Questions and Answers

677

Chapter 1: Architecture of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP

677

Chapter 2: Process Concept of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP

678

Chapter 3: Getting Started

683

Chapter 4: Setting Up the System Landscape

684

Chapter 5: Client Administration

685

Chapter 6: Software Logistics

686

Chapter 7: Instance Maintenance

687

Chapter 8: SAP Users and Authorizations

688

Chapter 9: System Monitoring

689

Chapter 10: Tools for Creating and Analyzing ABAP Programs

690

Chapter 11: Architecture Monitoring

691

Chapter 12: Data Archiving

692

Chapter 13: Data Distribution and Transfer

693

Chapter 14: Installation Concepts

694

Chapter 15: SAP Solution Manager and Service and Support

695

B Important Transaction Codes

697

C Profile Parameters

703

D Glossary

711

E References

721

F The Authors

723